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trade name
A trade name, trading name, or business name is a pseudonym used by companies to perform their business under a name that differs from the registered, legal name of the business. Trade names are typically used by companies to conduct their operations under a simpler brand as opposed to using their formal name within all public communications, or when a desired name was not able to be registered by the business operator, or if that business is owned by a separate company, franchisee, or a sole proprietorship. Trade names are also used in drug nomenclature with specific policies and guidelines for use in academic publications, (for example, atorvastatin (trade name Lipitor by Pfizer)).
The distinction between a registered legal name and a "fictitious" business name or trade name is important, as businesses with the latter give no obvious indication of the true identity of the entity that is legally responsible for their operation. Fictitious business names do not create legal entities in and of themselves; they are merely names assumed by existing persons or entities.〔United States case: ''Pinkerton's, Inc. v. Superior Court'', 49 Cal. App. 4th 1342,1348 (1996).〕 Legal agreements such as contracts are normally made under the registered legal name of the business or owner, and the legal name must be used whenever a business sues or is being sued.
In the United Kingdom, Ireland, South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong and Zimbabwe (as well as some parts of the United States), the phrase trading as (abbreviated t/a) is used to designate trade names. In Canada and the United States, the phrase "doing business as" (abbreviated DBA, dba, d.b.a. or d/b/a) is used. In English writing, trade names are generally treated as proper nouns.〔Gary Blake and Robert W. Bly, ''The Elements of Technical Writing'', pg. 57. New York: Macmillan Publishers, 1993. ISBN 0020130856〕
==Drug nomenclature==
(詳細はpharmaceutical company then gives the drug a trade name. The term ''trade name'' is a standard term in the pharmaceutical industry for a brand name or trademark name. There is a set of strong conventions in drug nomenclature about the letter case and placement of nonproprietary and proprietary names. For example, the 2015 American Society of Hematology (ASH) provides publications policies on drug nomenclature, "Non-proprietary (generic/scientific) names should be used and should be lowercase."〔 "()he first letter of the name of a proprietary drug should be capitalized."〔 Unbiaised mentions of a drug place the "If necessary, you may include a proprietary name in parentheses directly following the generic name after its first mentionUnbiased mentions of a drug place the non-proprietary/generic/scientific) name first and follow it with the trade name in parentheses.〔 (for example, "doxorubicin (trade names Adriamycin, Doxil, Caelyx, Myocet))
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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